US 10-Year Treasury: Policy-Based Fair Value Model

Signal as of January 2026: Cheap / Undervalued (+0.36pp vs. fair value)  |  R² = 0.877  |  Updated April 08, 2026

Model Methodology

This model estimates the 10-year Treasury yield as a linear function of two Fed policy stance variables, calibrated by OLS regression over the full historical sample.

DGS10 = α + β₁·DGS2 + β₂·PolicySpread + β₃·TaylorGap

Regressor Definition Coeff. Interpretation
α Intercept +1.970 Structural level offset
DGS2 2-Year Treasury yield +0.655 Market pricing of short-rate path (level anchor)
PolicySpread DGS2 − FEDFUNDS +0.538 Hike expectations (+) / cut expectations (−)
TaylorGap FEDFUNDS − Taylor Rule rate +0.148 Hawkish vs. rule (+) / dovish vs. rule (−)

Taylor Rule: r = 2.5 + π + 0.5·(π − 2.0) − 1.0·(UNRATE − NROU), where π = Core PCE YoY and NROU = CBO natural rate of unemployment.

Model fit: R² = 0.877  |  In-sample RMSE = 0.53pp  |  Sample: Dec 1995 – Jan 2026

Residual = Actual − Fair Value. Mean-zero by OLS construction.
Positive → yield above model → market cheap/undervalued  |  Negative → yield below model → market rich/overvalued

Sources: Federal Reserve H.15 (DGS10, DGS2, FEDFUNDS), Bureau of Economic Analysis (PCEPILFE), Bureau of Labor Statistics (UNRATE), Congressional Budget Office via FRED (NROU). All data via FRED.